莫奈如何画出印象派朦胧美?专家揭密 原来是这原因
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法国印象派画家莫奈(Claude Monet),经常在画作中呈现景色烟雾朦胧的美感。(图/Shutterstock)
举世闻名的法国印象派画家莫奈(Claude
Monet),经常在画作中呈现景色烟雾朦胧的美感。然而根据气候科学家近期研究显示,莫奈画的很可能是19世纪工业革命下的时代氛围:空气污染。
根据美国有线电视新闻网CNN报导,研究人员检视超过莫奈与浪漫主义画家泰纳(Joseph Mallord William
Turner)从1796到1901年间的作品,在超过100幅画作中,注意到明显的风格转变。“画家描绘的景物愈来愈模糊,使用的色彩愈来愈广,风格也渐渐从具象转成印象派,可以看出空气污染影响了光线,”法国索邦大学博士后研究员欧布莱特(Anna
Lea Albright)表示。
笼罩在雾中的西敏桥和泰晤士河。(图/Shutterstock)
研究人员进一步分析画作的锐利度和白度(whiteness),并将这些数据与空气品质历史推估资料相比,发现两者之间出现惊人的巧合。这个发现证明了两位大师的作品呈现的不仅仅是风格,更是伦敦、巴黎两地空污恶化过程的详实记录。
此外,莫奈的家书也证实了科学家的推测。他曾在1901年从伦敦写信给妻子,抱怨工厂停工时,“身边的一切美好到跟死了没两样,少了火车、雾霾、船隻,一点灵感刺激也没有。”专研欧洲艺术史的波士顿大学教授李伯纳(Jonathan
Ribner)更指出,莫奈显然亲手毁掉了部分作品,只因那些画裡没有雾霾,“看起来不像伦敦。”
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