中国现行春节只有“97岁” 史称春节为“元旦”
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据新华社电 14日我国公众将迎来一年一度的春节。中科院紫金山天文台研究员王思潮说,现行春节其实只有“97岁”。
王思潮介绍,历史上春节称为“元旦”。历史上“元旦”的日期也不一致。据《史记》载,夏代元旦为正月初一;殷商定在十二月初一;周代提前至十一月初一;秦始皇统一全国以后,再提前至十月初一为元旦,直至西汉初期。到汉武帝时颁行《太初历》,才恢复夏代的以正月初一为元旦。
王思潮介绍,把农历正月初一作为过年之日,称之为“春节”,并且放假,是在辛亥革命以后定下的。据资料记载,1913年7月,由当时北京政府内务总长向大总统袁世凯呈上一份四时节假的报告,称:“我国旧俗,每年四时令节,即应明文规定,拟请定阴历元旦为春节,端午为夏节,中秋为秋节,冬至为冬节,凡我国民都得休息,在公人员,亦准假一日。”但袁世凯只批准以正月初一为春节,同意春节例行放假,次年(1914年)起开始实行。
1949年9月27日,中国人民政治协商会议决定在建立中华人民共和国的同时,采用世界通用的公元纪年。把阳历一月一日称为“元旦”,农历正月初一则称为“春节”。
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